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Home-Based Rehabilitation

Where Recovery Meets Real Life

Why home can be such an important part of rehabilitation, recovery, and everyday function

By Joan D. Elliott, DPT, MPT, CLT

An old Irish proverb says, “There is no fireside like your own fireside.”

Home is where we find comfort, where we gather, and where our roots take hold. It is where much of everyday life happens, and, as I have come to appreciate in a very personal way, it is also where much of movement, function, and recovery happens.

Recently, however, I had the opportunity to experience rehabilitation from a very different perspective: that of the patient.

After open-heart surgery, my rehabilitation did not happen in just one place. Cardiac rehabilitation and outpatient physical therapy were both important parts of my recovery. But the experience also highlighted how much recovery happens during all the hours when a healthcare professional is not present.

Much of that work happened at home.

It included scar mobilization and home exercises, walking and gradually progressing to treadmill training, and, as I became stronger, returning to the water and swimming at my local pool.

These activities weren't separate from rehabilitation. They became an important part of it.

Experiencing recovery as both a physical therapist and a patient changed the way I think about the role of the home environment. Professionally, I had long understood that what happens between therapy visits matters. Experiencing it personally gave that idea an entirely different meaning.

My own experience at home was unusual in one important respect: I approached recovery with more than 30 years of experience as a physical therapist. That background helped me identify reliable information, think through movement and progression, and know what questions to ask when I was uncertain.

It also made me consider how different recovery can feel without that background. Patients and families are often asked to carry what they learn in therapy into the many hours and days between visits while navigating fatigue, uncertainty, unfamiliar exercises, and the practical realities of everyday life.

That is one of the reasons I see such value in home-based physical therapy. Being present in a patient's own environment creates an opportunity not simply to prescribe exercises, but to help translate rehabilitation principles into practical strategies that make sense for that person's home, routines, goals, and circumstances.

Where Life and Recovery Happens

For a young child, home is where much of development naturally occurs. It is where an infant learns to roll, sit, crawl, stand, and explore. It is where a child gets up from the floor, climbs the stairs, plays with siblings, and participates in family routines.

For an adult, the goals may be different, but the principle is much the same.

Walking across a clinic floor isn't necessarily the same as navigating your own stairs, getting in and out of your own bed, walking through your neighborhood, returning to your garden, or having the endurance to participate in the activities that make your life your own.

Research in pediatric rehabilitation supports family-centered approaches that incorporate therapeutic activities into children's everyday routines and help parents and caregivers develop the confidence and skills to support their child's development.

Research involving adults recovering from conditions such as stroke, cardiac conditions, and other significant health events also suggests that appropriately designed home-based rehabilitation can be an effective option for selected patients, with some outcomes comparable to those achieved through center-based care.

This does not mean that home-based physical therapy is better than outpatient therapy.

My own experience reinforces just the opposite: different rehabilitation settings can complement one another.

The important question is not simply where therapy occurs, but which environment best supports the patient's needs and goals at that point in recovery.

Why I Chose Home-Based Physical Therapy

My decision to focus part of my next chapter as a physical therapist on providing care in patients' homes comes from both my professional and, now, my personal experience.

Over the course of my career, I have worked with patients in hospitals, outpatient clinics, schools, research settings, and homes. I have always believed in individualized, evidence-based care and in looking beyond a diagnosis to understand what a person wants and needs to be able to do.

My own recovery has deepened that belief.

When I enter someone's home as a physical therapist, I have an opportunity to understand things I might never see in a clinic: the stairs that have become intimidating, the chair that is difficult to rise from, the space where a baby is learning to move, the equipment a family struggles to use, or the neighborhood a patient hopes to walk through again.

Those details matter because they are part of real life.

And perhaps most importantly, working in the home creates an opportunity to help patients and families develop strategies they can continue using long after the therapy visit ends.

Home-based physical therapy isn't simply about bringing exercises into someone's house.

It is about helping people build movement, function, and recovery into the life they are already living.

Perhaps that is why the old Irish proverb resonates with me so deeply: there truly is no fireside like your own fireside. Home is not just where we return for comfort. It is where we live, adapt, grow stronger, and find our way forward.

Further Reading

For readers interested in learning more about the evidence supporting home-based rehabilitation, the following systematic reviews and meta-analyses provide additional information across pediatric and adult populations:

  1. Sieczkowska, S. M., Coimbra, D. R., Smaira, F. I., Mazzolani, B. C., Paticcié, G., Astley, C., Iraha, A., Roschel, H., Peçanha, T., & Gualano, B. (2026). Effectiveness and feasibility of home-based physical exercise interventions for children and adolescents with chronic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine.
  2. Medina-Valera, M. I., Fernández-Del Olmo, A., & Pinero-Pinto, E. (2025). Barriers and facilitators of home programmes in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review and a metasynthesis. Child: Care, Health and Development, 51(2), e70049. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.70049
  3. Do, Y., Lim, Y., Jin, S., & Lee, H. (2025). Effectiveness of home-based rehabilitation on activities of daily living in patients with stroke: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Physical Therapy, 105(6), pzaf044. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzaf044
  4. Li, L., Ringeval, M., Wagner, G., Paré, G., Ozemek, C., & Kitsiou, S. (2025). Effectiveness of home-based cardiac rehabilitation interventions delivered via mHealth technologies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Digital Health, 7(4), e238–e254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landig.2025.01.011
  5. Nascimento, L. R., Rocha, R. J. S., Boening, A., Ferreira, G. P., & Perovano, M. C. (2022). Home-based exercises are as effective as equivalent doses of centre-based exercises for improving walking speed and balance after stroke: A systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy, 68(3), 174–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2022.05.018

Joan D. Elliott
September 13, 2026

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